Ozone Recovery from Merged Observational Data and Model Analysis (OREGANO)

Proxy datasets used for ozone trend regression

Proxies that are recommended to be used are marked in green and are shown in a graphics at the bottom of this webpage.

Solar

• Dataset: Extended Bremen Mg II index (1947-2024)
• Link: www.iup.uni-bremen.de/UVSAT/data/
• Download: MgII_extended.dat
• Monthly mean file: mgii_index_monthly_mean_1979-2024.txt
• alternative: F10.7 cm radio flux (1947-present, f107_all.txt)

QBO

• Dataset: Principal components of ERA5 zonal mean wind 6°S-6°N (1979-2024)
• Link: https://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-reanalysis
• Monthly mean file: qbo_era5_PC_1979-2024.txt (recommendation use PC1 and PC2)
• Alternative 1: 50hPa and 10hPa of ERA5 zonal mean winds (1979-2023), qbo_era5_6S-6N_zonalwind_monthly_mean_1979-2024.txt
• Alternative 2: Singapore winds (radiosondes) (1979-present), KIT Atmohub
• Alternative 3: Singapore/MERRA2 winds and PCs (1979-present), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Aerosol

• Dataset: ESA CREST SAOD V2 (1984-2023)
• Download: ESA-CREST-v2.0-fv004_1984_2023.nc
• Alternative: GLOSSAC V2.22 (1979-2023): https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/GloSSAC)
• Monthly mean netcdf file: glossac_crest_merged.nc (CREST data has been matched to GLOSSAC by regression, both datsasets were merged: up to 2015 are from Glossac and later from CREST data, zonal mean data are available in steps of 5° latitudes)
• Monthly mean ASCII file GLOSSSAC/CREST (36 latitudes): saod_m.txt (1979-2023)
• Monthly mean ASCII file GLOSSSAC/CREST (El Chichon period only): saod_m_elchichon.txt (1979-1989)
• Monthly mean ASCII file GLOSSSAC/CREST (Pinatubo period only): saod_m_pinatubo.txt (1990-1999)
• Monthly mean ASCII file GLOSSSAC/CREST (HHTH period only): saod_m_hthh.txt (2000-2024)
• Note: Volcanic eruptions can, dependent on the location of the volcano, have differing impacts on the stratospheric circulation (dynamics). In the past Pinatubo and El Chichon, two major eruptions, were often treated separately (two proxy terms). With Hunga Tonga (HTHH) a third major event ocurred, that clearly impacted atmospheric dynamics (and chemistry) and ozone distribution. Proxies vary with latitude.

ENSO

• Dataset: ENSO 3,4 Index (1979-2024)
• Link: https://psl.noaa.gov/data/timeseries/monthly/NINO34/
• Monthly mean file: enso34_m.txt
• Alternative: MEI V2 index (https://psl.noaa.gov/enso/mei/)
• Note: Starting early 2020s the MEI index has a downward drift compared to ENSO3.4. Otherwise both timseries are quite similar.

Arctic Oscillation (AO)

• Dataset: Arctic Oscillation (1978-2024)
• Link: https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/daily_ao_index/teleconnections.shtml
• Monthly mean file: ao_index_monthly_mean_1979-2024.txt
• Monthly mean file (accumulated): ao_m_accumulated.txt
• Note: AO has an acumulative effect on ozone transport into high NH latiitudes from boreal fall to spring

Antarctic Oscillation (AAO)

• Dataset: Antarctic Oscillation (1978-2024)
• Link: https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/daily_ao_index/teleconnections.shtml
• Monthly mean file: aao_index_monthly_mean_1979-2024.txt
• Monthly mean file (accumulated): aao_m_accumulated.txt (AAO has an acumulative effect on ozone transport into high SH latitudes from fall to spring)
• Note: AAO has an acumulative effect on ozone transport into high SH latiitudes from austral fall to spring

Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC)

• Dataset: ERA5 accumulated eddy heat flux (100 hPa, 45°-75°, 1979-2024)
• Link: https://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-reanalysis
• Monthly mean file: ehf_era5_100hPa_monthly_mean_1979-2024.txt
• Monthly mean file (accumalated): ehf_m_era5_100hPa_accumulated.txt
• Note: EHF has an acumulative effect on ozone transport into high latiitudes from fall to spring

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